Question 1

What is needed to certify a company affidavit?

Accepted Answer

Bring a company affidavit freshly extracted from the Department of Business Development, within whatever age limit the destination sets, for the attorney to compare against the copy and certify. The authorised director should appear to confirm identity, or provide an ID card and passport if someone else is carrying the papers in. For an overseas destination, don't assume the attorney's certificate travels on its own — ask the receiving office directly whether the file must also pass through Thailand's foreign ministry and its embassy, since each leg of that route takes its own separate stretch of time.

Question 2

When does the BOJ.5 shareholder list need certification?

Accepted Answer

This typically comes up when a foreign counterparty, bank, or investment body needs confirmation of who holds what percentage at a given date. The attorney certifies the copy matches what was pulled from the Department of Business Development, without vouching for whether the shareholding reflects the real commercial arrangement or conceals a nominee. If beneficial ownership is in question, supporting papers such as a shareholders' agreement are needed instead. Always pull the freshest BOJ.5 available before certifying, since the roster can change with every share transfer.

Question 3

How is a director's power of attorney certified for use abroad?

Accepted Answer

The authorised director signs and affixes the registered company seal in the attorney's presence, who certifies having witnessed the actual signature after checking that authority against the latest company affidavit. If the document goes to a foreign authority, ask whether it must first pass through the Legalisation Division at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs before reaching the destination embassy. Draft the scope of authority, duration, and revocation terms clearly from the outset, because the attorney only certifies the signature and does not edit the legal wording of the mandate itself.

Question 4

In what form is a board resolution certified?

Accepted Answer

There are two forms available: certifying that the copy of the minutes, already bearing the chairman's signature, matches the original, or certifying that the directors who signed in the attorney's presence are indeed the named individuals. The attorney did not attend the meeting and does not confirm that quorum was met or that internal procedure under the articles was followed correctly. If the destination wants assurance about the meeting process itself, a separate certificate from the company secretary or the company's own retained counsel is usually needed alongside it.

Question 5

What is a certificate of incumbency and which part does the attorney certify?

Accepted Answer

This is a summary document confirming the company's status, its current directors, and who holds signing authority as of a given date — often requested by foreign counterparties instead of the full Thai-language company affidavit. The attorney certifies that the information matches the latest company affidavit and shareholder list used for comparison; the attorney does not issue this in place of the Department of Business Development and has no authority to confirm the company's financial standing. If the destination has its own required template, send it to the attorney for review before booking the appointment.

Question 6

Which documents need certification to open a bank account abroad?

Accepted Answer

Overseas banks typically ask for the company affidavit, the BOJ.5 list, a signing mandate for the account opener, and copies of the authorised director's ID or passport. That whole set needs the attorney's true-copy or signature certification as a first pass. Beyond that, ask the receiving bank directly whether its own rules also demand a stamp from Thailand's foreign ministry followed by an endorsement from that country's local embassy. Some pages will be rejected without an accompanying English translation, so arrange that in advance rather than after the bank flags it.

Question 7

How are the parent company's documents certified for setting up a foreign subsidiary?

Accepted Answer

Most destination jurisdictions want the parent's company affidavit, a resolution approving the subsidiary's formation, and a power of attorney for whoever handles the foreign registration. The attorney certifies this bundle first. It then travels to Thailand's foreign ministry, whose only job is confirming the seal and signature belong to a registered attorney, before finishing up at the receiving country's embassy, but only where that country still insists on an added layer. Nobody can jump this queue or swap its order, since each office looks backward only one step — budget for a span measured in weeks rather than days.

Question 8

How are financial statements certified for an overseas tender submission?

Accepted Answer

The attorney only certifies a true copy of the version already signed by a licensed auditor and lodged with the Department of Business Development, refusing draft statements not yet audited since there is no authority to vouch for accounting accuracy. If the foreign tender wants an English version, a separate certified translation must accompany the certified copy, and check the tender conditions first for whether a further cross-border authentication is required, since some tenders accept a Thai attorney's certification as sufficient on its own.

Question 9

How is a foreign director's signature certified when they are not in Thailand?

Accepted Answer

A Thai attorney can only certify a signature made in their actual physical presence within Thailand, and cannot certify after the fact from a photo or a file sent from overseas. If the foreign director remains abroad, the alternative is signing before a notary in that country, going through an Apostille or the local Thai embassy there instead, after which the document can be used in Thailand without needing a further Thai attorney layer for that particular signature.

Question 10

What is the correct order for legalising a company document for overseas use?

Accepted Answer

Picture three layers. First, the Notarial Services Attorney examines the original and applies the certificate. Second, Thailand's foreign ministry checks only that this particular attorney's signature and seal are on its register, leaving the substance of the document untouched. Third, the destination country's embassy or consulate in Thailand adds its own layer, but only where that country insists on it. None of these can be skipped or swapped, since each layer only ever looks back at the seal directly below it, never at the original paperwork itself.

Question 11

What exactly falls within the foreign ministry's legalisation checks?

Accepted Answer

It confirms that the attorney's signature and seal on the document match the specimen that particular attorney has registered with the ministry. It does not check whether the content of the company document is accurate, and it has no authority to amend anything. If the attorney has never registered a signature specimen with the ministry, the document is bounced back immediately regardless of how correct the certification otherwise is, so it pays to choose an already-registered attorney from the start.

Question 12

At what point does the destination embassy get involved with company documents?

Accepted Answer

It only enters at the final stage, after the Legalisation Division has applied its stamp, and only where the destination country has not joined an arrangement exempting it from this layer. The embassy checks that the Thai foreign ministry's stamp is genuine, then adds its own seal or endorsement under its own internal rules. Fees and processing times vary considerably between embassies, and some accept only in-person submission by prior appointment.

Question 13

What identification must the person filing company documents bring?

Accepted Answer

The authorised director must carry an original ID card or passport to present to the attorney every time they sign. If a staff member or agent is sent instead, a power of attorney signed by the director and bearing the company seal is required, along with ID copies of both the director granting authority and the agent using it. The attorney will refuse certification outright if the signer's identity cannot be confirmed, no matter how urgent the deadline is claimed to be.

Question 14

What can a Notarial Services Attorney not do on the company's behalf?

Accepted Answer

Keep the boundary in mind: this attorney is not a European-style civil-law notary issuing documents in the name of the state, so the certificate is limited to confirming a witnessed signature or a copy matched against its original. Amending the articles of association is off the table, as is pronouncing a resolution compliant with internal governance, vouching for financial health or creditworthiness, or issuing an Apostille — Thailand sits outside the Apostille convention, so the foreign-ministry route is used in its place.

Question 15

Must multiple directors sign together in the attorney's presence?

Accepted Answer

Not necessarily. If the document requires two directors to sign jointly under the registered authority, both appearing together lets the attorney issue a single combined certificate, which is more convenient. But if schedules clash, each can sign on a different day and receive a separate certification for their own signature, so long as the underlying document is not altered between the two visits and the destination accepts two separate certificates instead of one.

Question 16

Which matters more for certification, the company seal or the director's signature?

Accepted Answer

This depends on what the registered articles specify for binding signing authority. Some companies still require the stated number of director signatures together with the company seal to be complete, while others no longer need a seal at all following the law change, if none was ever registered. The attorney checks the latest company affidavit before every certification to confirm the signing format presented actually matches what is registered, and will refuse to certify if it does not.

Question 17

Must the company's Thai-language articles always be translated before certification?

Accepted Answer

Not always, if the destination only wants a certificate that the copy matches the Thai original. But when the destination is a foreign body that must read the content to make a decision — a bank, or a foreign subsidiary registrar — an English certified translation is usually needed alongside it. The attorney certifies the Thai original copy and can certify that the translation matches it in the same sitting, but does not check whether the translation's legal terminology fits the destination country's context.

Question 18

When is a certified copy of the VAT registration certificate (Por.Por.20) needed?

Accepted Answer

This commonly comes up for bank account opening, registering as a trading partner with a foreign company, or a tender that requires proof of VAT-registered status. The attorney only certifies that the copy matches the original displayed at the place of business, and does not confirm the registration is still active today, since status can change. Check the current status through the Revenue Department before submitting it to a counterparty.

Question 19

How is a copy of a foreign business licence certified?

Accepted Answer

Bring the original licence issued by the Department of Business Development or the relevant sector regulator for comparison. The attorney only certifies that the copy matches the original, not that the licence remains within its validity period or that attached conditions are still being met in full. If the destination needs assurance on those attached conditions, have separate legal counsel verify them before the document is used in negotiations or a tender.

Question 20

How should a foreign parent company's documents be prepared for use with the Thai subsidiary?

Accepted Answer

A document issued abroad first needs authentication in its country of origin — a local notary plus an Apostille, or certification through the Thai embassy there. Once that is done, if a Thai authority needs to read the content, a Thai translation should be prepared and a Thai attorney can certify that the translation matches the original. The Thai attorney has no authority to confirm that the foreign authentication step was done correctly under that other country's own law.

Question 21

Does a director's resignation letter need certification before notifying the registrar?

Accepted Answer

It is not required by law, but certifying the signature removes any later dispute over whether the director genuinely signed voluntarily, which matters most in shareholder disputes. The attorney only certifies witnessing the signature, not that the resignation has become fully effective under the company's articles, since that turns on the separate steps of notifying the registrar and the board acknowledging it at a meeting.

Question 22

Is certifying a copy of the auditor's report different from certifying the financial statements?

Accepted Answer

These are separate documents even though they are usually bound together, and the auditor's report carries its own licensed auditor's signature. The attorney certifies the bundle's copy matches what was already lodged with the Department of Business Development, but has no authority to vouch for the auditor's opinion itself or how much weight it deserves. If the destination wants clarification on that opinion, it must contact the signing auditor directly.

Question 23

How is a cross-border contract signing between a Thai and a foreign company certified?

Accepted Answer

Each side typically signs before their own country's certifying professional separately. The Thai attorney only certifies that the Thai party's signature was genuinely made in their presence, not that the foreign counterparty has authority to bind its own company under its home law. If the contract requires both sides certified together at one location, check scheduling carefully, or consider a video-call signing format both sides have agreed to accept instead.

Question 24

After changing the company's address or directors, must every document be re-certified?

Accepted Answer

A fresh company affidavit must always be obtained from the Department of Business Development once the change takes effect, since the old one shows outdated information. Other previously certified documents, such as a power of attorney that has not expired and does not conflict with the new details, can still be used without re-certification, unless the destination specifically asks for a version reflecting the current status.

Question 25

How should an urgent company document need within a few days be planned?

Accepted Answer

In pure day-count terms, the attorney leg can close within a single sitting if booked ahead with the director free to sign. The foreign-ministry leg runs a standard track and a faster paid track with a real time gap between them. The destination-embassy leg, by contrast, is nobody's to control since it runs purely on that embassy's own discretion. Call and check the embassy's queue first, before anything else is booked, then count backward from the true deadline to fix the attorney appointment date.

Question 26

Can an electronic signature on a company document be certified in front of the attorney?

Accepted Answer

The attorney can only certify a wet-ink signature made on paper and personally witnessed. A signature applied electronically in advance through a system cannot receive the same certification, since the attorney was not present at the moment it was made through that system. If the destination needs verification of an electronic signature's authenticity, a certificate from a certification authority is the proper mechanism — an entirely different process from a notarial attorney's work.

Question 27

How long does certification of a company document remain valid?

Accepted Answer

The attorney's own certification carries no statutory expiry, but destinations such as banks or foreign registries usually require the underlying company affidavit to have been extracted no more than thirty or ninety days before submission, since director status or registered capital can change at any time. Confirm the destination's own time window before pulling the document for certification, to avoid extracting and certifying it again after it has already gone stale.

Question 28

How is an error in a company document fixed after it has already been certified?

Accepted Answer

The corrected original must be brought back for a fresh certification, since the certificate is tied specifically to the copy already produced; editing the old copy without a new original for comparison is not possible. If the error sits in the original itself — say, a director's name misspelled on the company affidavit — it must first be fixed at the Department of Business Development, then a new extract brought for certification. There is no shortcut around this step.

รับรองเอกสารบริษัทโดยทนายผู้ทำคำรับรอง

ลัดไปยังคำถามในหมวดนี้

แปลเอกสารและรับรองคำแปล

คำแปล NAATI สำหรับออสเตรเลีย

รับรองเอกสารโดยทนาย Notary Public

รับรองนิติกรณ์กรมการกงสุลและสถานทูต

Apostille ตามอนุสัญญาเฮก 1961

วีซ่าและใบอนุญาตทำงาน

หนังสือรับรองความประพฤติและตรวจประวัติอาชญากรรม

จดทะเบียนสมรสและเอกสารครอบครัว

บัญชี ภาษี และงบการเงินสำหรับธุรกิจในไทย

จดทะเบียนบริษัทและการถือหุ้นของชาวต่างชาติ

บัตรเดินทางนักธุรกิจเอเปค (APEC Business Travel Card)

นิติกรณ์เอกสารรายประเทศปลายทาง

เอกสารการศึกษาและใบรับรองวิชาชีพ

ทะเบียนราษฎร หย่า และรับบุตรบุญธรรม

งานแปลเฉพาะทาง สัญญา การแพทย์ และเอกสารคดี

บริการล่ามในงานราชการ ศาล และการเจรจาธุรกิจ

ที่ดิน คอนโด และสัญญาเช่าสำหรับผู้ซื้อชาวต่างชาติ

พันธสัญญา มรดก และการจัดการทรัพย์สินข้ามประเทศ

สัญญาจ้าง เลิกจ้าง และคดีแรงงาน

ส่งเสริมการลงทุน BOI และใบอนุญาตประกอบธุรกิจต่างชาติ

ภาษีบุคคลธรรมดาของชาวต่างชาติและการแลกเปลี่ยนข้อมูลบัญชี

ประกันสังคม กองทุนเงินทดแทน และสิทธิของลูกจ้างต่างชาติ

เครื่องหมายการค้า ลิขสิทธิ์ และทรัพย์สินทางปัญญา

ร่างและตรวจสัญญาธุรกิจ

บังคับคดีและสืบทรัพย์

คดีอาญาและการประกันตัว

ใบอนุญาตประกอบกิจการและ อย.

PDPA และการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล

ภาษีที่ดิน สิ่งปลูกสร้าง และค่าโอน

ล้มละลายและฟื้นฟูกิจการ

อุบัติเหตุ ประกันภัย และการเรียกค่าเสียหาย

e-Tax Invoice และระบบภาษีดิจิทัล

พิธีการศุลกากร นำเข้า-ส่งออก

แฟรนไชส์ ไลเซนส์ และตัวแทนจำหน่าย

อนุญาโตตุลาการและการไกล่เกลี่ย

ขายออนไลน์และธุรกิจดิจิทัล

ครอบครัวข้ามชาติ หย่า และอำนาจปกครองบุตร

หน้าที่รายงานตัวและการรักษาสถานะคนต่างชาติ

โอนเงินเข้าออกประเทศและหลักฐานแหล่งเงิน

สัญญาก่อสร้างและงานรับเหมา

สมาคม มูลนิธิ และองค์กรไม่แสวงหากำไร

ขอ อย. อาหาร เครื่องสำอาง และผลิตภัณฑ์สมุนไพร

วีซ่าพำนักระยะยาวในไทย

ใบอนุญาตทำงานและหน้าที่ของนายจ้าง

ภาษีรายได้ดิจิทัลและสินทรัพย์ดิจิทัล

ใบอนุญาตขนส่งและโลจิสติกส์

ใบอนุญาตโรงแรม สถานบริการ และสุรา

ภาษีมูลค่าเพิ่มและใบกำกับภาษี

ใบอนุญาตโรงงานและนิคมอุตสาหกรรม

ใบอนุญาตฟินเทค การชำระเงินและสินทรัพย์ดิจิทัล

ใบอนุญาตคลินิก สปาและธุรกิจสุขภาพ

การเปิดบัญชีธนาคารและการเข้าถึงสินเชื่อของชาวต่างชาติ

ใบขับขี่ การจดทะเบียนรถและการนำรถเข้าประเทศ

ใบสำคัญถิ่นที่อยู่ถาวรและการแปลงสัญชาติ

ใบอนุญาตธุรกิจนำเที่ยวและบัตรมัคคุเทศก์

นิติบุคคลอาคารชุดและหมู่บ้านจัดสรร

การไปทำงานต่างประเทศของแรงงานไทย

ใบอนุญาตโรงเรียนเอกชนและสถาบันกวดวิชา

ที่ดินเกษตรกรรมและเอกสารสิทธิ์แต่ละชั้น

ติดตั้งโซลาร์และใบอนุญาตด้านพลังงาน

งานเงินเดือน สลิปพนักงาน และภาษีหัก ณ ที่จ่ายรายเดือน

ขั้นตอนคดีแพ่งในศาลไทย ตั้งแต่ยื่นฟ้องถึงชั้นฎีกา

หมิ่นประมาท ข้อความออนไลน์ และความผิดทางคอมพิวเตอร์

ถูกสรรพากรตรวจสอบภาษี การประเมิน และการอุทธรณ์

งบการเงิน การสอบบัญชี และการรายงานให้บริษัทแม่

ภาษีหัก ณ ที่จ่าย ใช้อัตราไหน ยื่นแบบใด และแก้ผิดพลาดอย่างไร

ราคาโอนระหว่างบริษัทในเครือ เอกสารที่ต้องมีและวิธีตั้งราคา

ไกล่เกลี่ยและทำสัญญาประนีประนอม ทางจบคดีที่เร็วกว่าการสืบพยาน

ฟ้องหน่วยงานรัฐในศาลปกครอง เงื่อนไข ระยะเวลา และสิ่งที่ขอได้

ข้อพิพาทผู้ถือหุ้นและกรรมการ แก้ทางไหนได้ก่อนถึงศาล

คดีผู้บริโภค ฟ้องร้านหรือถูกลูกค้าฟ้อง ต้องเตรียมอะไร

ภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคล ยื่นครึ่งปีและปลายปีให้ไม่ถูกปรับ

ย้ายสำนักงานบัญชีหรือเปลี่ยนระบบกลางปี ทำอย่างไรไม่ให้ข้อมูลหาย

งานเลขานุการบริษัท ทะเบียนกรรมการ ประชุมผู้ถือหุ้น และการนำส่งงบ

อากรแสตมป์ ตราสารที่ต้องติด อัตรา และผลเมื่อไม่ปิดอากร

สินค้าคงเหลือและต้นทุน ตรวจนับสต๊อก วิธีคิดต้นทุน และผลต่างที่อธิบายได้

หนังสือมอบอำนาจ เขียนให้ใช้ได้จริงกับที่ดิน ธนาคาร ศาล และหน่วยราชการ

ปิดงบย้อนหลังและงบค้างส่ง ทำให้กลับมาสะอาดได้อย่างไร